What term describes materials that allow electric current to flow through them with little resistance?

The term that describes materials allowing electric current to flow through them with little resistance is conductors. Conductors are typically made of metals like copper or aluminum, which have free electrons that facilitate the movement of electric charge, enabling efficient current flow.

In many applications, such as wiring and electrical connections, conductors are essential because they minimize energy losses due to resistance. This characteristic makes them ideal for safely and efficiently transmitting electricity within various systems.

Insulators, on the other hand, are materials that resist the flow of electric current, while semiconductors have properties that can be manipulated for specific conductivity, often used in electronic devices. Dielectrics are non-conductive materials used primarily in capacitors to separate electric charges. The distinction between these different types of materials is crucial in the context of electrical engineering and applications, as it informs the choice of materials based on their conductive properties.